Deep Drawing Behaviour of Steel–Glass Fibre-Reinforced and Non-Reinforced Polyamide–Steel Sandwich Materials

Thermoplastic-based fibre metal laminates (FMLs) have gained increasing interest in the automotive industry due to their forming potential—especially at higher temperatures—into complex components compared thermoset-based ones. However, several challenges arise while processing thermoplastic-based FMLs. One one hand, room temperature (RT) leads early failure modes, e.g., fracture and delamination. On other warm can extend limits, although further defects arise, such as severe thickness irregularities wrinkling problems. Therefore, this study focuses on developing different approaches for deep drawing conditions deliver a promising, feasible, cost-effective method deep-drawn FML parts. We also describe experimentally numerically via finite element (FEM). The FMLs based steel/glass fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (GF-PA6/steel) are studied under (temperatures, punch, die dimensions). In addition, mono-materials sandwich materials without reinforcement investigated benchmarks. results showed that best condition was of 200 °C die/punch radius ratio 0.67, with gap/thickness ≤2.0. FEM simulation Abaqus 6.14 able successfully replicate anisotropic properties GF-PA6 core an FML, resembling experimental results.